Professor Cramer began by explaining how there is a global discourse and organization change around the so called “liberal peace”. He also discussed that there are three sets of ideas combined with four rationales for international actors: liberal peace thesis, security development axis, and rediscovery of the state. Regarding aid, Professor Cramer discussed how aid in a post conflict society is more effective than any other aid. He also shed light on the political, economic and socio transitions of post war countries.
